China's Chang’e-6 mission to the far side of the Moon (2024)

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China's Chang’e-6 mission to the far side of the Moon

June 3, 2024

Why in news? A Chinese spacecraft landed on the far side of the moon to collect soil and rock samples to study differences between this less-explored region and the more familiar near side. The landing occurred in a huge crater known as the South Pole-Aitken Basin.

This mission is part of the Chang'e moon exploration program, named after a Chinese moon goddess. It is the sixth mission in the program.

It is the second mission aimed at bringing back samples. The first was the Chang'e 5 mission in 2020, which collected samples from the near side of the moon.

What’s in today’s article?

  • Exploration of the far side of the Moon
  • Chang’e-6 mission objective
  • Significance of this mission

Far side of the Moon

  • Far side referred to as the dark side
    • The Moon's far side is often called the dark side because it cannot be seen from Earth. This does not mean it never gets sunlight.
    • The Moon is tidally locked with Earth, so we only see one side of it. This visible side is known as the near side.
  • Far side is very different from the near side
    • The far side has been under the spotlight in recent years as it is very different from the near side.
    • It has a thicker crust, more craters and fewer maria, or plains where lava once flowed.
  • Potential to provide insights about the origin and evolution of the Moon
    • Examining the samples from the far side can help scientists solve mysteries about the origin and evolution of the Moon.
      • Till now, scientists have only been able to analyze samples from the near side.
    • The far-side samples can also give answers to the longstanding question: why is it different from the near side?

Why scientists are keen on exploring the far side of the Moon?

  • Unexplored Terrain: The far side of the Moon is less explored compared to the near side, offering new opportunities for discovery.
  • Geological Differences: By studying soil and rock samples, scientists hope to understand the differences in geology between the near side and the far side.
  • Impact History: The far side has more craters and is less smooth than the near side, providing a better record of the solar system's impact history.
  • Space Weathering: Studying the far side helps scientists understand how space weathering processes differ in various lunar environments.
  • Radio Astronomy: The far side is shielded from Earth's radio noise, making it an ideal location for radio astronomy observations.
  • Resources: The far side may contain resources like minerals and water ice that could be useful for future lunar missions and colonization efforts.

Chang’e-6 mission

  • About
    • The Chang’e-6 is a 53-day-long mission.
    • After reaching the Moon’s orbit, the mission’s orbiter will circle the natural satellite while its lander will descend into the 2,500-kilometre-wide South Pole-Aitken basin on the lunar surface.
  • Sample collection
    • After collecting samples through scooping and drilling, the lander will launch an ascent vehicle, which will transfer the samples to the orbiter’s service module.
    • This module will then return to the Earth.

Significance of Chang’e-6 mission

  • Only country to achieve soft landing on the far side of moon
    • China is the only country to achieve a soft-landing on the far side of the Moon.
      • In 2019, its Chang’e-4 mission landed on the region and explored the Moon’s Von Karman crater with the help of a rover.
      • Now Chang’e-6 has once again soft landed in the far side of moon.
      • In total, China has successfully soft-landed on the far side of the Moon twice, when no other country has done it once.
  • Part of a growing rivalry with the US
    • The moon programme is part of a growing rivalry with the US and others, including Japan and India.
    • The emerging global power aims to put a person on the moon before 2030, which would make it the second nation after the US to do so.
  • Technologic prowess
    • Missions to the moon's far side are more difficult because it doesn't face the Earth, requiring a relay satellite to maintain communications.
    • The terrain is also more rugged, with fewer flat areas to land.

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China's Chang’e-6 mission to the far side of the Moon (2024)

FAQs

Has China landed on the far side of the moon? ›

China is the only country to have landed on the far side of the moon, having also done so before in 2019. The Chinese National Space Administration (CNSA) described the mission's landing and lift-off as an ''unprecedented feat in human lunar exploration''.

Where did Chang'e 6 land? ›

Chang'e 6 landed in the unexplored Apollo Basin crater within the larger South Pole-Aitken (SPA) Basin located on the far side of the moon on the morning of Sunday, June 2, Beijing Time.

Why is China's moon mission called Chang E? ›

China's moon missions are called Chang'e, named for the goddess of the moon in Chinese mythology. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) launched the Chinese Lunar Exploration Programme (CLEP) in 2003, and the first Chang'e mission happened in 2007. Chang'e 1 created a map of the moon's surface.

What is the name of the rover carried by China's Chang E e3 mission? ›

Chang'e 3 launched on December 2, 2013. The spacecraft consisted of a 1,200-kg (2,600-pound) lander, which carried a 120-kg (260-pound) rover, called Yutu after the rabbit that accompanied the goddess Chang'e to the Moon. The lander touched down in Mare Imbrium in the Moon's northern hemisphere on December 14.

Which country landed a spacecraft called Chang E 5 on the Moon? ›

This is China's second mission to collect samples from the moon- but it is the first aimed at extracting them from the far side. In 2020, its Chang'e-5 craft brought back 1.7kg of material from an area called Oceanus Procellarum on the Moon's near side.

Is China going to the dark side of the moon? ›

BEIJING, June 2 (Reuters) - China landed an uncrewed spacecraft on the far side of the moon on Sunday, overcoming a key hurdle in its landmark mission to retrieve the world's first rock and soil samples from the dark lunar hemisphere.

Has man landed on the far side of the moon? ›

The China National Space Administration's Chang'e 4 achieved humanity's first ever soft landing on the lunar far side on 3 January 2019 and deployed the Yutu-2 lunar rover onto the lunar surface. The craft included a lander equipped with a low-frequency radio spectrograph and geological research tools.

How did Chang E get to the moon? ›

Chang'e-6 spent 4.5 days on its voyage to the Moon, after launching from the Wenchange Space Launch Centre on May 3. Once in orbit around the Moon, a lander separated from the orbiter and targeted a landing area.

How many people have walked on the moon? ›

Including the Apollo 11 mission, 12 men have walked on the Moon.

What country is Chang E from? ›

She is one of the major goddesses in Chinese mythology, Chinese folk religion, Chinese Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. In modern times, Chang'e is the namesake of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program.

Can you see the flag on the moon? ›

We cannot see the flags on the Moon with Earthbound telescopes, but we know they are still standing tall thanks to the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The flag support bar latch failed on the Apollo 12 flag pole and remains forever collapsed on Oceanus Procellarum. Photo courtesy of NASA.

Who lives with Chang E on the moon? ›

It was not a happy life, and one day Houyi was killed by one of his own students who was known to be jealous of the warrior's skill and bravery. Chang'e achieved the immortality she wanted so desperately, but she remains to this day alone in her palace on the moon with only a white rabbit for company.

How many countries have walked on the moon? ›

In 1966, Luna 9 achieved the first soft landing and in 1969, the U.S.'s Apollo 11 achieved the first human landing. In the decades since, many nations have contributed to lunar orbiters and landers. As of January 2024, four nations have successfully landed on the Moon (USSR, United States, India, China).

How tall is Chang E? ›

Another character challenge was the Moon Goddess, Chang'e, as she takes on many different forms with a broad range of performances. From a vulnerable character, of regular human proportions, to a towering 9-foot tall Royal Goddess.

When did China send a rover to the Moon? ›

First lunar day

The rover was successfully deployed from the lander and made contact with the lunar surface on 20:35 UTC, 14 December 2013.

What is the China rover on the far side of the moon? ›

CAST already has the Yutu-2 rover on the far side of the moon, which landed in 2019 as part of the Chang'e 4 mission — the first mission to successfully land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. Yutu-2 has already made some big finds, including the discovery of small glass spheres on the lunar surface.

Can we see Apollo 11 from Earth? ›

Q: can we see from the Earth any parts of the Lunar lander or rovers with a telescope? No. Even the largest Earth based telescope cannot resolve detail anywhere near fine enough at a quarter million miles to see the Apollo descent stages, much less any of the other hardware.

When was the last date that humans stepped foot on the Moon? ›

The last crewed mission to the Moon was Apollo 17, taking place between 7 and 19 December 1972. It was a 12-day mission and broke many records, the longest space walk, the longest lunar landing and the largest lunar samples brought back to Earth.

Why is Chang E on the Moon? ›

As a reward, the Queen Mother of the West gave Hou Yi an elixir of immortality. Hou Yi's wife, Chang-E, unwittingly drank the potion herself. Rising to the moon, she has lived there ever since within the crystal walls of her "Cold Palace."

Who sent the lunar rover to the Moon? ›

The Apollo program's Lunar Roving Vehicle was driven on the Moon by members of three American crews, Apollo 15, 16, and 17. Other rovers have been partially or fully autonomous robots, such as the Soviet Union's Lunokhods, Chinese Yutus, Indian Pragyan, and Japan's LEVs.

What is the name of China mission launched to the far side of the moon recently? ›

"The Chang'e-6 mission is the first human sampling and return mission from the far side of the moon," CNSA officials said in a translated statement.

Which country has successfully landed on the far side of the moon? ›

China's lunar sample collection mission Chang'e 6 has made history by successfully touching down on the far side of the moon, and it even sent back a stunning video of its landing. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) probe arrived at the moon on Sunday (June 2 at 6:23 a.m.

Is it true that you can see the Great Wall of China from the moon? ›

A popular myth, the claim was disproved when astronauts stated that the Great Wall of China was not visible with the naked eye from the Moon. Due to its coloration and pollution, the structure is only sometimes visible from low orbit and the International Space Station.

What countries have been to the moon? ›

So far, in order of successful soft moon landings are the Soviet Union (1966), the United States (1966), China (2013), India (2023) and Japan (2024). Either by accident or deliberately European Space Agency, Israel and Ispace have crashed a spacecraft on the Moon.

When did the US land on the moon? ›

Over half a century ago, on July 20, 1969, humans walked on the Moon for the first time.

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